Abstract Alcohol has been widely consumed for centuries and is linked to the aggravation of diseases. Several studies have shown that excessive consumption of ethanol results in morphophysiological changes in the male reproductive system. One of the effects of ethanol is the decrease in testosterone concentration and hormonal therapies are an alternative to minimize the changes resulting from chronic alcoholism. Qualitative studies were commonly carried out to evaluate the male histopathological alterations resulting from ethanol consumption, being necessary quantitative and non-subjective techniques. This study analyzes the importance of fractal analysis as a useful tool to identify and quantify tissue remodeling in rats submitted to ethanol consumption and hormone therapy with testosterone. Prostate of animals submitted to chronic ethanol consumption showed tissue disorganization, which was confirmed by an increasing of fractal dimension. Regarding the prostatic stroma, collagen fractal dimension and quantification revealed lower values in animals that were only submitted to androgen therapy. Thus, we can conclude that the fractal analysis was a useful tool to quantify tissue changes caused by ethanol consumption and androgen therapy. diseases system alcoholism nonsubjective non subjective techniques disorganization stroma Thus

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar aceitação da telemedicina e determinar seus fatores associados em uma clínica de uroginecologia de um hospital público brasileiro. Métodos Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado entre junho e novembro de 2020. Foram recrutadas pacientes que tiveram seus atendimentos eletivos adiados devido à pandemia de doença do coronavírus 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, em inglês). As variáveis consideradas para a aceitação da telemedicina foram: diagnóstico uroginecológico, idade, escolaridade, local de residência, acesso à internet, tipo de dispositivo, frequência do uso da internet, e uso de plataformas de redes sociais. As variáveis categóricas foras descritas na forma de suas frequências absoluta e relativa. A associação entre essas variáveis foi avaliada por meio do teste exato de Fisher e análises uni e multivariada, e a aceitação da telemedicina foi considerada a variável dependente. Resultados Um total de 225 pacientes foram listadas, e 182 concordaram em participar. A idade média das participantes foi de 59 anos; 81,3% delas tinham acesso à internet, e 87,3% aceitaram a telemedicina. Observaram-se associações estatisticamente significativas entre a aceitação e maior escolaridade (p< 0,01), acesso à internet (p< 0,01), uso diário da internet (p< 0,01), acesso por celular próprio (p< 0,01), e acesso da própria residência (p< 0,01). Nas análises uni e multivariada, somente alto nível de escolaridade esteve associado à aceitação da telemedicina (razão de probabilidades ajustada: 4,82; intervalo de confiança de 95% = 1,59–14,65). Conclusão A maioria das pacientes atendidas em um hospital público de um país em desenvolvimento concordaram com a telemedicina. Acesso à internet e nível de escolaridade foram fatores associados à aceitação da telemedicina nessa população.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the acceptance of telemedicine and determine its associated factors in an urogynecology outpatient clinic of a public hospital in Brazil. Methods The present was a cross-sectional study performed between June and November 2020. The included patients had their elective appointments postponed due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The variables considered regarding the acceptance of telemedicine were: urogynecologic diagnosis, age, level of schooling, place of residence, access to the internet, type of device used, frequency of internet use, and use of social media platforms. The categorical variables were described by their absolute and relative frequencies. The association among variables was evaluated through the Fisher exact test, and univariate and multivariate analyses, considering the acceptance of telemedicine as the dependent variable. Results A total of 225 patients were listed, and 182 agreed to participate. The mean age was 59 years old, 81.3% of the patients had access to the internet, and 87.3% of them accepted telemedicine. There were statistically significant associations regarding the acceptance of telemedicine and high levels of schooling (p< 0.01), internet access (p< 0.01), daily use of the internet (p< 0.01), access through personal mobile phone (p< 0.01), and access through the participant's own residence (p< 0.01). In the univariate and multivariate analyses, only high levels of schooling were associated with the acceptance of telemedicine (Adjusted odds ratio: 4.82; 95% confidence interval = 1.59–14.65). Conclusion Most of the urogynecology patients of a public hospital in a developing country accepted telemedicine. Internet access and level of schooling were the factors associated with the acceptance of telemedicine in urogynecology.

Resumo Embora fosse respeitado nos círculos intelectuais desde o aparecimento de O mulato (1881), Aluísio Azevedo (1857-1913) só assinou contrato com a Livraria Garnier após a publicação de O homem (1887). Foi graças ao sucesso de vendas desse livro que o editor de Machado de Assis, um dos mais importantes da época, comprou os direitos de toda a ficção do autor e imprimiu a quarta edição da obra. O feito era resultado de uma forte campanha publicitária posta em curso por Aluísio Azevedo e sua rede de amigos da imprensa. Com foco nas vendas, eles apostaram no aspecto licencioso da obra para divulgá-la e alcançaram grande êxito. O Rio de Janeiro se viu escandalizado ao ler os devaneios eróticos da protagonista, descritos para tratar do tema da histeria feminina. Aluísio Azevedo sofreu ataques dos detratores da estética naturalista, que o acusaram de escrever “pornografia” disfarçada de ciência. Neste artigo, vamos contar a história de O homem como best-seller erótico do fim do século XIX.

Abstract Despite gaining respect in intellectual circles since the appearance of The Mulatto (1881), Aluísio Azevedo (1857-1913) only signed a contract with Garnier Bookstore after the publication of The Man (1887). It was thanks to the success of this book that Machado de Assis’ publishers, one of the most important at the times, bought the copyright of the author’s whole works of fiction and printed its 4th edition. The feat was the result of a strong advertising campaign put in motion by Aluísio Azevedo and his network of friends in the press. Focusing on sales, they relied on the licentious aspect of the work to publicize it. Rio de Janeiro was shocked to read the protagonist’s erotic fantasies, described to address the issue of female hysteria. Aluísio Azevedo was attacked by naturalism detractors, who accused him of writing “pornography” disguised as science. In this article, we’ll tell the story of The Man as an erotic best-seller.

Résumé Bien que respecté dans les milieux intellectuels depuis la parution de Le Mulâtre, roman brésilien (1881), Aluísio Azevedo (1857-1913) ne sera publié par la Librairie Garnier qu’après le lancement de L’Homme (1887). C’est grâce au succès de vente de ce dernier livre que l’éditeur de Machado de Assis, l’un des plus importants de l’époque, a acquis les droits de publication de toute l’œuvre fictionnelle d’Azevedo et publié la quatrième édition du roman. Le succès de L’Homme fut le résultat d’une forte campagne publicitaire mise en place dans la presse par Aluísio Azevedo et son entourage. Visant surtout les ventes du livre, ils ont parié, avec succès, sur ses éléments licencieux afin de le faire diffuser et y réussissent largement. La ville de Rio de Janeiro a été scandalisée par les rêveries érotiques de la protagoniste, décrites minutieusement sous prétexte d’aborder le sujet de l’hystérie féminine. Aluísio Azevedo subit l’attaque des détracteurs de l’esthétique naturaliste, qui l’accusaient d’avoir écrit de la « pornographie » sous le masque de la science. Dans cet article, nous proposons de raconter l’histoire de L’Homme en tant que best-seller érotique de la fin du XIXe siècle.

In the present study, the occurrence of fungi and aflatoxins (AFs) in peanut and cashew nut samples was investigated. Mycological analysis revealed the presence of fungi in 58.8% of samples, and assessment of AFs by chromatographic methods revealed that 52.9% were contaminated by AFs. AFB1 was the principal component in all AF-contaminated samples, with a mean level of 14.0, and 1.08 µg/kg in peanut and cashew nut, respectively. Eleven samples (32.4%) exceeded the total AF maximum level (4 μg/kg) and 8 samples (23.5%) exceeded the AFB1 (2 μg/kg) established by the European Commission. Our findings suggest that the incidence of AFs emphasizes the need for regular monitoring and a more stringent food safety system to control AFs at the lowest possible levels in peanuts and cashew nuts. The hypothetical dietary exposure suggests that the food products evaluated may significantly contribute to the overall human exposure.

ABSTRACT: The use of microalgae as a source of raw material for biofuel production has been highly targeted. Compared to other biological options for the capture and use of CO2, microalgae crops have the following advantages: high productivity, lack of competition with feed and food-based products, use of unproductive and non-arable land, and allowance of the use of wastewater for its cultivation. The use of wastewater from industrial, agricultural, and domestic sewage has been indicated as an alternative means to reduce the cost of crops, since such waste is generally released into the environment without previous treatment. This work addresses the use of petrochemical wastewater (ARP) from effluent produced at the Gabriel Passos Refinery (Petrobrás refinery unit) for the cultivation of a strain of Scenedesmus obliquus BR003. Twelve experimental units of 20 L each were constructed in the experimental area of the Biofuel Laboratory of the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil in an uncontrolled environment, and the cultures were evaluated by quantification of total carbohydrates, total lipids, dry biomass, and growth evaluated by absorbance. The results showed that the wastewater from petrochemical effluent is an efficient growth medium for the growth of Scenedesmus obliquus BR003 microalgae for large-scale cultivation on land that is not suitable for other agricultural crops.

La administración de una ciudad es un desafío para los gestores públicos. El objetivo del artículo fue desarrollar y proponer un modelo para la implementación de la gobernanza electrónica de las ciudades. La metodología utilizada se basó en cinco variables: Efectividad de la implementación de innovación municipal, Inteligencia Municipal, Liderazgo Estratégico, Gestión de Tecnología y Características del proceso de cambio. Para probar el modelo, se desarrolló un cuestionario que fue enviado al gobierno de veinticinco ciudades brasileñas y americanas participantes en la prueba de campo. Como resultado hay una fuerte percepción positiva de la aplicabilidad del modelo probado. Las contribuciones académicas y prácticas son que los factores probados, aplicados conjuntamente, son significativos para administrar con más éxito las innovaciones necesarias para implementar la gobernanza electrónica de las ciudades.

Administrar uma cidade é um desafio para gestores públicos. O objetivo do artigo foi desenvolver e propor um modelo para implementação de governança eletrônica de cidades. A metodologia utilizada pautou-se em cinco variáveis: Efetividade da implementação de inovação municipal, Inteligência Municipal, Liderança Estratégica, Gestão de Tecnologia e Características do Processo de Mudança. Para testar o modelo, foi desenvolvido um questionário, e enviado ao governo de vinte e cinco cidades brasileiras e americanas participantes do teste de campo. Como resultado há uma forte percepção positiva da aplicabilidade do modelo testado. As contribuições acadêmicas e práticas são que os fatores testados, aplicados conjuntamente, são significativos para gerenciar com mais sucesso as inovações necessárias para implementar governança eletrônica de cidades.

In an effort to improve the management of information technology in city administration, this article proposes and tests a model for implementing city e-government. It includes five major variables: Effectiveness of implementation of municipal technological innovation, municipal intelligence, strategic leadership, management of technology and characteristics of the city's change process. Methodologically, to test the model, a questionnaire was developed and sent to the government of a convenience sample of twenty-five Brazilian and American cities participants in the field test. The results support the appropriateness and applicability of the model tested. Academic and practical contributions are the factors tested, applied together, are significant to manage more successfully the necessary innovations to implement electronic governance of cities.

El banco de semillas juega un papel importante en el potencial de resiliencia de las áreas antropogénicas y sufre influencia de las variaciones estacionales. La heterogeneidad espacial y temporal de los bosques influye en la riqueza y la densidad del banco de semillas del suelo, pero hay una hipótesis de que tal influencia se puede cambiar en las zonas antropogénicas, donde esperaríamos encontrar menor riqueza y densidad de semillas en relación con el banco de semillas de los bosques maduros. La riqueza y la densidad estacional de semillas del espacio vertical del suelo de un bosque joven, con 17 años de abandono de cualquier actividad agrícola, fueron evaluadas y comparadas con las un bosque maduro. El estudio se realizó en el Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco - IPA (Estação Experimental José Nilson de Melo), situado en Caruarú, Pernambuco, Brasil, en una zona de bosque seco tropical, conocida localmente como “caatinga”. El clima local es estacional, la estación seca ocurre de septiembre a febrero y la estación de lluvias en los meses restantes. La precipitación promedio anual (series de tiempo de 30 años) es 692mm. En cada estación climática (lluviosa y seca), el banco de semillas fue muestreado en 210 parcelas de 20x20cm (105 en la hojarasca a 5cm de profundidad del suelo). La riqueza y densidad de semillas de las muestras del suelo fueron evaluadas por el método de emergencia de plántulas. El banco de semillas presentó 47 especies, con una predominancia de las herbáceas. Las variaciones estacionales de riqueza y densidad de semillas del suelo (hojarasca+suelo) no fueron significativas, pero 42 especies del bosque maduro todavía estaban ausentes en el banco de semillas del bosque joven, apesar de los 17 años de regeneración natural y de su proximidad con el bosque maduro. Aisladamente, el suelo presentó mayor riqueza y densidad de semillas que la hojarasca. La profundidad de depósito de semillas en el banco del suelo del bosque joven explicó significativamente 36% de la riqueza de especies y 16% de la densidad de semillas, con efecto significativo de interacción con la estación climática apenas sobre la riqueza de las especies, explicando más de 4% de la variación registrada. La densidad de semillas del bosque joven (1 277semillas/m²) fue más elevada que la del bosque maduro indicando, que a pesar del poco tiempo de abandono del cultivo, fue suficiente para la recuperación completa de la densidad de semillas.

Seed banks play an important role in the resilience of potential anthropogenic areas and are influenced by seasonal variation. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the forests influences the richness and density of the soil seed bank, but there is a hypothesis that such influence can be changed in anthropogenic areas, where we expect to find lower richness and seed density in relation to the seed bank of mature forests. The richness and seasonal density of seeds in the soil depth of a young caatinga forest, 17 years after an agricultural activity was abandoned, were evaluated and compared with those of a mature forest. The study was conducted at the Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco - IPA (Estação Experimental José Nilson de Melo), located in Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil, in an area of tropical dry forest, known locally as “caatinga”. The local climate is seasonal, the dry season occurring from September to February and the rainy season concentrated in the remaining months. The average annual rainfall over time (time series of 30 years) is 692mm. In each climatic season (rainy and dry), the seed bank was sampled in 210 20x20cm plots (105 in the leaf litter and 105 at 5cm soil depth). The richness and seed density of the soil samples were evaluated by the method of seedling emergence. The seed bank had 47 species, with a predominance of herbaceous plants. Seasonal variation in richness and seed density in the soil (leaf litter + soil) was not significant, but 42 species of the mature forest were absent from the seed bank of the young forest, despite 17 years of natural regeneration and its proximity to the mature forest. On its own, the soil has greater richness and density of seeds than the leaf litter. The depth of seed deposition in the soil bank of the young forest significantly explained 36% of the species richness and 16% of the seed density, with a significant interaction effect with the climatic season only on species richness, explaining 4% of the variation recorded. The seed density of the young forest (1 277seeds/m²) was greater than that the mature forest indicating that the time abandoned had not yet been sufficient for complete recovery of plant diversity and there is no longer any seed limitation of pioneer species for regeneration of the young forest. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (2): 321-332. Epub 2015 June 01.

Este artigo apresenta uma experiência de extensão desenvolvida por estudantes e professores de Psicologia nos Núcleos do Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil (PETI) da cidade de João Pessoa. A extensão objetivava desnaturalizar o trabalho infantil, contribuir para a formação da cidadania, desenvolver o protagonismo e formar profissionais em Psicologia social. O PETI é um programa do Governo Federal que objetiva retirar crianças e adolescentes de 7 a 15 anos e 11 meses de idade do trabalho perigoso, penoso, insalubre ou degradante, e fundamenta-se nos aportes teóricos da história da criança, dos direitos das crianças e adolescentes, do protagonismo juvenil e da educação popular. A metodologia visa à construção conjunta considerando as experiências dos diferentes atores. Utilizamos oficinas de literatura, escrita, música, filmes, fotografia, gibis, desenhos, Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, conversas em círculos, jogos e brincadeiras. A experiência conduziu-nos para aspectos que nem mesmo estavam entre os objetivos do trabalho. Percebemos que as crianças e os adolescentes do PETI não se veem como sujeitos de direitos, naturalizam a violência e não acreditam em mudanças, mas apresentam lampejos de resistência, de participação e de ações coletivas.

This article presents an extension experience developed by psychology students and professors on the Núcleos do Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil (PETI) in João Pessoa. The extension had the objective to denaturalize the child labor, contributing to the citizen’s constitution, developing the empowerment and constituting social-psychology professionals. PETI is a federal government program that aims at saving children and adolescents from seven to fifteen years and eleven months old from dangerous, painful, insalubrious or degrading labour. This research is based on the theories about child history, children and adolescents’ rights, youth empowerment and popular education. The methodology was based on collective construction, considering the different subjects’ experiences. We worked with literature workshops, writing, music, movies, photography, comic books, drawings, The Child and Adolescent Statute, conversation circles, sports and games. The experience led us to aspects that were not even among the objectives of the work. We realize that PETI’s children and adolescents don’t see themselves as citizens of rights, naturalize violence and don’t believe in changes. Still, they present sparkles of resistance, participation and collective actions.

Este artículo presenta una experiencia de extensión desarrollada por estudiantes y profesores de Psicología en los Núcleos del Programa de Erradicación del Trabajo Infantil (PETI) de la ciudad de João Pessoa. La extensión objetivaba desnaturalizar el trabajo infantil, contribuir para la formación de la ciudadanía, desarrollar el protagonismo y formar profesionales en Psicología social. El PETI es un programa del Gobierno Federal que tiene como objetivo apartar a niños y adolescentes entre 07 años y 15 años y 11 meses de edad del trabajo peligroso, penoso, insalubre o degradante, y se fundamenta en los aportes teóricos de la historia del niño, de los derechos del niños y de los adolescentes, del protagonismo juvenil y de la educación popular. La metodología tiene como objetivo la construcción conjunta considerando las experiencias de los diferentes actores. Hemos utilizado talleres de literatura, escrita, música, películas, fotografías, cómics, dibujos, Estatuto del Niño y del Adolescente, conversaciones en círculos, juegos y jugueteos. La experiencia nos ha conducido a aspectos que ni siquiera se encontraban entre los objetivos del trabajo. Nos hemos dado cuenta de que los niños y los adolescentes del PETI no se ven como sujeto de derechos, naturalizan a la violencia y no creen en cambios, sino que presentan momentos de resistencia, de participación y de acciones colectivas.

SEN virus (SENV) is a circular, single stranded DNA virus that has been first characterized in the serum of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patient. Eight genotypes of SENV (A-H) have been identified and further recognized as variants of TT virus (TTV) in the family Circoviridae. Here we describe the first genomic characterization of a SENV isolate (5-A) from South America. Using 'universal' primers, able to amplify most, if not all, TTV/SENV genotypes, a segment of > 3 kb was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from the serum of an HIV-1 infected patient. The amplicon was cloned and a 3087-nucleotide sequence was determined, that showed a high (85%) homology with the sequence of the Italian isolate SENV-F. Proteins encoded by open reading frames (ORFs) 1 to 4 consisted of 758, 129, 276, and 267 amino acids, respectively. By phylogenetic analysis, isolate 5-A was classified into TTV genotype 19 (phylogenetic group 3), together with SENV-F and TTV isolate SAa-38.